Thank you for creating this thread! Typically, we (myself included) mistakenly apply the Biblical Husband / Wife hierarchy to all Male / Female relationships yet I've come to realize the Scriptures repeatedly have women in positions of authority in both the Old and New Covenants.
Examples of women in ministry/authority in Scripture:
Examples OT:
- Miriam (Prophetess – Exod 15)
- Huldah (Prophetess – 2 Kings 22)
- Deborah (Prophetess & Judge – Judges 4-5)
- Esther (Esther)
- Ruth (Ruth)
- Naomi (Ruth).
Examples NT:
- Junia (Apostle – Rom 16:7)
- Priscilla (Teacher/Pastor – Acts 18:26, Rom 16:3-5, 1 Cor 16:19)
- Nympha (Pastor – Col 4:15)
- Phoebe (Deacon – Rom 16:1-2)
- Phillip’s Daughters (Prophetesses – Acts 21:8-9)
- Mary & Women (First Preachers of the Gospel & Resurrection to men – John 20:11-18, Luke 24:9-11, Matt 28:5-7, Mark 16)
- Samaritan Woman (Evangelist – John 4:39)
- Euodia & Syntyche (Ministers – Phil. 4:2-3)
Response to 1 Timothy 2:12:
There’s no distinction between the words “wife” and “woman” in Greek; both English words translate the same Greek word γύνη; gynē.
There's no distinction in Hebrew either, the word is ishshah; אִישׁ (H376) or אֱנוֹשׁ (H582).
Therefore, whether talking about a woman or a wife one must look at context. Here is the 1 Tim 2:12 passage:
διδάσκειν (to be teaching) δὲ (but, yet) γυναικὶ(woman) οὐκ (not) ἐπιτρέπω,(I am permitting) οὐδὲ (not but, yet)
αὐθεντεῖν (???) ἀνδρός,(man, husband) ἀλλ’(but) εἶναι (to be) ἐν (in) ἡσυχίᾳ.(quietness)
Here is Young's Literal Translation properly utilizing the word "husband" which implies the word "woman" ought to be "wife."
"and a woman I do not suffer to teach, nor to rule a husband, but to be in quietness," - 1 Tim 2:12 YLT
Translated properly it would read "and a
wife I do not suffer to teach nor to rule a
husband, but to be in quietness."
This train of thought, that wives ought to be in submission to their husbands and not ruling over them, is consistent with the Scriptures.
"Wives, submit yourselves to your own husbands as you do to the Lord." - Ephesians 5:22 NIV
Wives submitting to their husbands does not imply submission to all men in general and does not negate a woman's ability to be placed into authority by God, or else Priscilla would have been scolded for doing so in Acts 18:26.
Priscilla teaching Apollos:
"He began to speak boldly in the synagogue. When Priscilla and Aquila heard him, they invited him to their home and explained to him the way of God more adequately." - Acts 18:26
In Acts 18:24-26, Apollos is "a learned man, with a thorough knowledge of the Scriptures" who "taught about Jesus accurately, though he knew only the baptism of John." Upon hearing him, Priscilla and her Husband both brought him to their home church (1 Cor 16:19) and BOTH "explained to him the way of God more adequately."
If being intellectually honest, this is a male
& female pastoral team
teaching a "learned man" the gospel more accurately.
Response to 1 Timothy 3:
The very next chapter presents another indicator that women were serving as Overseers/Elders/Deacons as they are given specific instructions within the qualifications listed in 1 Timothy 3:1-13.
"In the same way, the women are to be worthy of respect, not malicious talkers but temperate and trustworthy in everything." - 1 Tim 3:11
Overall, I believe in the Biblical headship of a husband over his wife/wives while also accepting God's prerogative to place women in ministerial offices within His Church if He sees fit to do so. In the Last Days (today), the same Holy Spirit dwells in both sexes and we have no right to limit that Spirit.
"‘In the last days, God says,
I will pour out my Spirit on all people.
Your sons and daughters will prophesy,
your young men will see visions,
your old men will dream dreams.
18 Even on my servants, both men and women,
I will pour out my Spirit in those days,
and they will prophesy." - Acts 2:17-18
Prophesy is no small word. Prophesying is precisely what Moses, Isaiah, John the Baptist, and many others have done and now women are capable of the same.
May the Lord bless you, Brethren!